| The discovery of this technique was the
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| | film in all its forms. Black and white
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| result of an accident. The chance
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| | images positives or negatives can be
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| projection of a slide without having the
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| | projected and used. Colour can still then
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| screen in place resulted in a portrait
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| | easily be added to the black and white
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| appearing partly on some fabric and
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| | projected images by the choice of screen,
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| partly on the wallpaper. The curved
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| | as well as by the introduction of colour
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| fabric distorted the image and when the
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| | filters.FILTERSMany filters are available
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| picture was clearly focussed the weave
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| | for the camera, and these can be used
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| and texture of the materials forming a
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| | with the projector too. But any bits of
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| type of screen became part of the
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| | coloured cellophane can also be used with
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| portrait. This result was sufficiently
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| | the projector. There are hundreds of
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| intriguing to leave the projection as it
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| | colours easily available, as one only
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| was and to study the possibilities of
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| | needs such small pieces.Even if they are
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| this occurrence.If this effect could be
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| | not optically of use with the camera, if
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| photographed, then one can photograph
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| | used between the projector condenser
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| projected images on other textures or
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| | lens, and the film, they can influence
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| even on other objects. This proved to be
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| | the colour of the projected image,
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| the basic approach to gain full control
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| | without any optical problems. With care
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| of all images. Providing a completely
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| | it is also possible to change the colours
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| new way of superimposing and controlling
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| | of specific parts of the projected
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| every aspect of photographs. Obviously
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| | image.MAKE THE SUBJECT THE SCREENIt is
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| if one can see it, one can photograph
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| | not difficult to move on to other objects
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| it!The projector however offers so many
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| | that can do more than just act as a
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| more possibilities than the darkroom
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| | screen. These are items that become an
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| enlarger to create pictures. Take any
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| | important part of the subject of the new
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| image on any film; it is just as easy to
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| | photograph just as essential as the
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| project negatives or transparencies in
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| | projected image.For example an original
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| colour or black and white on to what ever
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| | portrait was projected on to a clamshell,
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| is desired. Consider the potential when
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| | amongst other shells, and the contours of
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| projecting an image on to; fabrics (not
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| | the shell influenced the projected image.
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| always flat), textures, or even on to
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| | With careful masking using a diffused
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| other objects, then try bouncing the
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| | mask behind the lens, allowed light to
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| projected photograph off a reflective
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| | illuminate other parts of the scene
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| surface and focus it on to a screen, or
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| | too.There are a number of other objects
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| have a look at what happens if a crystal
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| | that have been used in this way; a
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| is placed near to the projector lens
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| | butterfly with a river scene, an orchid,
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| (behind the lens as well as in front).
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| | a ball of wool and a Siamese cat, a coin,
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| Colour filters can be used, or parts of
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| | or a decaying holly leaf.Even a highly
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| the image can be masked (again compare
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| | reflective surface can be used such as
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| the results obtained in front, as against
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| | coins. The camera was directly in front
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| behind, the projector lens).With more
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| | of the top coin, so that the projected
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| than one projector it is possible to
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| | image from the projector was to the left
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| combine and superimpose with perfect
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| | of the camera. This meant that the
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| control more than one image. By
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| | camera lens avoided the very bright
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| projecting these images, one on top of
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| | reflection. Even the edges of the pages
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| the other, and then masking away the
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| | of a book have been used.It can be
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| overlapping parts of each image, that are
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| | fascinating to take your projector for a
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| no longer required, a totally new picture
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| | walk! Use an extension lead and just
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| can be formed.These are the basic
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| | project a selection of slides on to
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| principles, which with infinite variety
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| | everything in sight. By focusing on to a
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| are used to mould, form and relate at
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| | wide range of objects, you will be able
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| will, all that has ever been
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| | to see what happens - expect to be
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| photographed. It is in fact the
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| | surprised at some of the possibilities
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| projector that provides all the magic;
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| | that will no doubt come to
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| such is the diversity that can be
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| | light!MASKINGMasking is best achieved by
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| achieved with it. The older type of
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| | using black card that is stiff enough to
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| projectors are often of more use than the
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| | stay upright; yet is easily cut into
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| modern automatic ones, as it is then
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| | whatever shape is required. It works
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| likely to be easier to gain access to the
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| | well in front or behind the projector
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| space behind the lens. That facility is
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| | lens. If masking in front of the lens it
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| of great advantage with these techniques
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| | will quickly become apparent that the
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| - so one should look out for cheap second
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| | nearer to the screen the mask is placed,
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| hand ones!ADDING TEXTUREThe easiest way
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| | the sharper the shadow cast. The ideal
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| to begin is to experiment with the
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| | is to always use a soft edge shadow so
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| projected image, try projecting a
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| | the mask will not be very far forward of
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| favourite portrait on to a selection of
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| | the lens.If it is possible to work behind
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| textured surfaces, to be used as a
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| | the lens, then the nearer to the film,
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| screen. An enormous variety of textures
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| | the sharper the shadows edge will be. It
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| are possible to use, they do not always
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| | is then simple to perfectly blend
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| need to be white, nor do they always need
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| | different images when working with more
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| to be flat.There is likely to be an
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| | than one projector.There have been times
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| element of distortion, as it is not
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| | when instead of masking with black card a
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| possible to have the camera lens in exact
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| | transparent opaque plastic has been
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| alignment with the projector, but do not
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| | preferred, this avoids a black shadow
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| worry about this yet, distortion can be
| |
| | forming, especially if the second
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| useful as described later.The use of a
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| | projection is not adding much in that
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| texture in portrait work is particularly
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| | particular area. Tracing paper has been
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| attractive, some of the beauty and
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| | effective for this purpose normally
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| character found in painted portraits is
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| | placed behind the lens near to the
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| lacking in photographs. But the realism
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| | film.Before considering a second
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| of the photograph becomes more abstract
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| | projector, with just one, there are now
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| simply by adding a texture and this can
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| | an amazing amount of possibilities that
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| bring out more expression or character
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| | can be achieved with the projected image.
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| than was evident before. This does not
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| | However with two projectors the
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| mean that one is copying paintings as
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| | additional special effects are quite
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| totally different images are created from
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| | sensational.DOUBLE EXPOSURE - PROJECTOR
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| those ever painted, but that this
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| | STYLE!The first option with the projector
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| abstract quality that so enriches
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| | is to mount two pieces of film,
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| portraits, can also apply to
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| | sandwiched in the same mount, and project
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| photographs.DISTORTIONSThe only way of
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| | the combined images on to a screen. By
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| avoiding distortion is to project square
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| | focusing on one of the images, the one in
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| on to the choice of screen and to
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| | true focus will dominate and soften the
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| rephotograph the image with a plate
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| | other. Much depends on the slide carrier
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| camera. Then one can correct the angle of
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| | used, but if there is room to insert more
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| view with the lens movements as used for
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| | than two mounts in to the carrier, then
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| architecture or perspective
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| | the more space between the two films the
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| correction.However, more often than not,
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| | greater the effect of one image
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| distortion can be a very interesting
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| | dominating the other. Should both images
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| effect if used carefully. It can even be
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| | need to be in focus then the closer they
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| a very dramatic tool. Any image can
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| | are to each other the better.When
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| easily be elongated and stretched, or
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| | sandwiching films in this manner it is
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| squashed and made wider. It just depends
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| | possible to insert one or the other
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| on the angle of the projector, or the
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| | upside down, on its side, or the other
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| camera, to the screen.REFLECTIONSSo far
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| | way round. But there is little more
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| it has been shown how an image can be
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| | opportunity with this technique of
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| influenced by; the addition of a texture,
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| | controlling the end result, so it is only
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| the effect of distortion, the use of
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| | a little bit better than double exposure
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| colour filtration, and the use of
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| | as at least one can see what the result
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| negatives or black and white
| |
| | looks like first.TWO PROJECTORSThis
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| films.Another fascinating way of
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| | method involves using two projectors, but
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| manipulating a projected image is to
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| | one has then an exciting way of blending
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| consider reflections. The principle
| |
| | any two previously created pictures, with
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| involved is basically to rephotograph a
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| | far more control!The technique is simple;
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| projected image as seen in a mirror, or
| |
| | just project both images separately on to
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| bounced off a mirror. But instead of
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| | the same choice of screen. However,
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| using a mirror, there are many other
| |
| | these images can now be positioned
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| options. Try a piece of acetate film as
| |
| | whichever way one might wish, one image
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| this material allows one to bend or twist
| |
| | could be much larger than the other, or
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| it, and so distort the image seen, by
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| | by masking parts of each image, a
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| forming a flexible mirror.There are two
| |
| | different blend of the two pictures can
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| quite different effects achievable even
| |
| | be created. This is how any parts, of
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| with the flexible mirror in a fixed
| |
| | any picture, can be blended together and
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| position and the same image projected.
| |
| | all the time one can see exactly what is
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| The first method is to project the image
| |
| | to be photographed.Ideally, two identical
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| on to a screen and to photograph the
| |
| | projectors should be used, if possible
|
| reflection seen. The other is to project
| |
| | with zoom lenses. Should this prove
|
| the image into the flexible mirror, so
| |
| | impractical then variations in
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| that it bounces off it, on to the screen;
| |
| | performance of the second projector can
|
| it is this new image that is then to be
| |
| | be allowed for, by masking the brighter
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| photographed.There are many reflecting
| |
| | of the two, just in front of the lens to
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| surfaces that can be used. They do not
| |
| | achieve the same brilliance from both
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| always need to be smooth, a highly
| |
| | projectors.To enhance the quality of the
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| polished old silver cigarette case, with
| |
| | results one can achieve with this
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| a machine finished pattern as an over all
| |
| | technique, there is an advantage in
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| design, has been used to advantage.All
| |
| | obtaining a screen designed for rear
|
| photographs including those techniques
| |
| | projection.IMAGE BLENDINGOnce the full
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| already described can be made into
| |
| | potential of using two projectors is
|
| patterns rather like a kaleidoscope by
| |
| | realised, there will be a need for quite
|
| the use of mirrors. By positioning
| |
| | different types of images, these are what
|
| mirrors at right angles to each other,
| |
| | are referred to as background shots, in
|
| with the image projected on to a choice
| |
| | the advertising world. A completely new
|
| of screen in such a way, that the
| |
| | stock of photographs will have to be
|
| reflections are repeated in the mirrors
| |
| | taken, with blending potential in mind,
|
| will then form a pattern that can be
| |
| | no matter how many pictures are available
|
| photographed. The possibilities of scale
| |
| | from the past.Now each image can be
|
| and size are no problem when projecting
| |
| | simply modified: The brightness of one
|
| images, the biggest building in the world
| |
| | image, as against the other, can be
|
| can easily be projected between a couple
| |
| | controlled. By masking and shading just
|
| of small mirrors or on to a small
| |
| | parts, of each image, can be blended.
|
| object!CRYSTAL PATTERNSSpectacular
| |
| | Colours of certain areas can be altered
|
| patterns can be created by the use of
| |
| | with filters. The position of each
|
| crystals or prisms. Apart from the
| |
| | image, relative to each other, can be
|
| special effect types available for use on
| |
| | adjusted. Or even the size, of one image
|
| the camera, remember these can be used
| |
| | as against the other, can easily be
|
| with the projector too, it is also
| |
| | altered. One of the images could be
|
| interesting to use old crystals designed
| |
| | distorted, reflected, or be changed in to
|
| to form a chandelier.Experiment with
| |
| | a pattern by the use of a crystal. The
|
| different crystals placed in front of the
| |
| | possibilities are quite staggering!Best
|
| projector lens, not always square on, and
| |
| | of all, the combined images are there to
|
| see how the image scatters according to
| |
| | be seen all the time, until the desired
|
| the cut. The best results are often
| |
| | result is formed. There is no need to
|
| found to be with a fairly small image
| |
| | rely on guesswork, as so many other
|
| within the transparency frame.Quite a
| |
| | special effects seem to demand, with
|
| different pattern will be formed, by
| |
| | these methods so no film really should
|
| moving the crystal behind the lens.
| |
| | ever be wasted.With two projectors it
|
| Obviously as these crystals are not
| |
| | becomes possible to mix film effects
|
| optically perfect, the projected image
| |
| | together in a way not possible before. It
|
| will lose some definition, but it can
| |
| | is so easy to blend negative images with
|
| still be useful as a background
| |
| | transparencies, in colour or black and
|
| image.COLOUR, BLACK & WHITE OR NEGATIVE
| |
| | white. Instead of transparencies in both
|
| IMAGESPhotography has the advantage of
| |
| | projectors, one of them could be
|
| instantly reproducing an image in a
| |
| | projecting a black and white negative or
|
| number of ways. Just by the selection of
| |
| | a colour negative just as easily.PLATE
|
| film the image can be in black and white,
| |
| | 3'Spirit of Spring' is a well-known award
|
| colour or in either of these choices it
| |
| | winning study that won much acclaim for
|
| could also be in negative form. All
| |
| | the author. This transparency of a
|
| these can be projected!Negatives can be
| |
| | portrait was projected over; a second
|
| unusually beautiful in themselves and
| |
| | projected colour negative image of a red
|
| they should not just be regarded as the
| |
| | tulip. A variation of this concept is
|
| means of obtaining a print. The choice
| |
| | plate 59 (Poetic portfolio) where another
|
| of projected images should not be
| |
| | profile of Susan was blended with a
|
| restricted to transparencies but include
| |
| | colour negative of the centre of a tulip.
|
