What Is "Key", When Collecting Coins?

Key Coin: A coin that is among the toughest andRoosevelt Dimes: 1949, 1949 S, 1950 S, and the
Most Expensive to obtain within a series. In the1951 S
Lincoln Cent series, for example, the 1909-S VDBWashington Quarters: 1932 D, 1932 S, 1934 - with
would be considered the key, as would theDouble Die Obverse (DDO), 1935 D, 1936 D, 1937
1914-D and often the 1922-Plain.- with Double Die Obverse (DDO), 1937 S, 1938
A coin somewhat lesser in stature but still amongS, 1939 S, 1940 D, 1942 D - with Double Die
the tougher in a series to collect is called aObverse (DDO), 1942 D - with Double Die
semi-key; the 1909-S and 1931-S fulfill this roleReverse (DDR),1943 - with Double Die ?, 1943 S -
within the Lincoln Cent series for many collectors.with Double Die Obverse (DDO), 1950 D/S Over
Both key coins and semi-key coins are in greatmintmark ( coin is a '50-D, with underlying S
demand due primarily to the limited supply ofmintmark ), 1950 S/D Over mintmark ( coin is a
coins available. Since this increases the demand for'50-S, with underlying D mintmark ), and the 1955
such coins, the results are higher prices for allD
such coins. Coins with higher grades are evenThe Concept of "Key" may also apply to the
more difficult to acquire.Type or Purpose of the coin collection, rather
The grade of a coin is everything in coin collecting.than the individual coin. For example, if a collector
This entices the rogues and cheats tois putting together a collection of Walking Liberty
misrepresent a coin's grade or quality. But thisHalf Dollars, without regard to the Condition of the
only works with raw coins. A certified and gradedcoins, then the "keys" are the 1921, 1921-D, and
coin - by PCGS, NGC, ICG or ANACS - stifles the1916-S.
would be cheat and insures authenticity. In fact,But, if the Collector is putting together the same
these companies guarantee the coin'sset, in Gem BU Condition, the 1919-D and the
Authenticity, Identity, and Grade. I have seen1921-S would be considered the "keys" and the
company representatives, at trade shows, pay1916-S likely would not, because the 1916-S either
immediate cash reimbursements where a coinnot available at all, or is plentiful. Also Key Date
was mis-graded, or had a questionable identity ormay be a replaceable term.
grade. The extra protection offered by a sealedAnother example, using Lincoln Cents: The "key
slab, helps to maintain a coins condition and grade,dates" for the Lincoln Pennies, from 1909 -1958
which in turn keeps the value at a higher level(wheat cents) are: 1909s, 1909s VDB, 1914 D,
than raw coins. Many people have had their entire1922, and the 1931 S.
collections sent in for certification and grading forThe "semi-key" dates are: 1910 S, 1911 D, 1911 S,
the protection and value alone. It certainly1912 S, 1913 D, 1913 S, 1914 S, 1915, 1921 S,
increases a coins marketability, and eliminates any1922 D, 1923 S, 1924 D, 1926 S, 1931 D, and
doubts about what is being bought or sold.1933 D.
Other "Key" Dates include the following:Certain Sellers use the term "Key Date" to
Lincoln Cents: 1909 S, 1909 S VDB, 1914 D, 1922generate interest in a coin, whose date may be
no mint, 1931 S"Key", however, the Condition of the coin is
Jefferson Nickel: 1938-D, 1938-S, 1939-D, 1939-Susually less than desirable. Pay Attention!
and 1950-DHave fun collecting your Perfect Coins!